100% Free No Sign-Up Unlimited Use No Limits Secure & Private
PDF Tools Calculators Categories Guides Contact No Sign-Up Needed to Use This Site
Logarithm
--
Enter values to calculate
In Base 2
--
In Base e
--
In Base 10
--
Antilog
--
xlog₂(x)ln(x)log₁₀(x)
1000
210.69310.3010
421.38630.6021
832.07940.9031
103.32192.30261
1642.77261.2041
1006.64394.60522
10009.96586.90783

Compute logarithms in any base, natural log (ln), log base 10, or reverse a logarithm back to its original number with the antilog.

How It Works

How Log Calculator Works

A logarithm log_b(x) answers the question "b raised to what power equals x?" The calculator uses the change-of-base formula, log_b(x) = ln(x) / ln(b), which lets it compute a logarithm in any base using only the natural logarithm — avoiding the need for a separate calculation method per base.

Natural log (ln) and log base 10 are simply special cases where the base is e (≈2.71828) or 10 respectively, and are computed directly using JavaScript's built-in, high-precision logarithm functions.

Antilog reverses the process: given a logarithm's result y and its base, it raises that base to the power y (b^y, or e^y for the natural antilog) to recover the original number the logarithm came from.

Worked Example

See It In Action

log base 2 of 8 asks "2 raised to what power equals 8?" Since 2³ = 8, log₂(8) = 3. The same value of 8 expressed in other common bases: ln(8) ≈ 2.0794, and log₁₀(8) ≈ 0.9031.
Real-World Use Cases

Who Uses Log Calculator and Why

  • Solving an exponential growth or decay equation from an algebra or pre-calculus class.
  • Converting a logarithmic result between different bases using the change-of-base relationship.
  • Reversing a known logarithm value back to its original number using antilog.
  • Computing a natural log (ln) directly for a calculus problem involving continuous growth or decay.
Common Mistakes

Mistakes to Avoid

  • Trying to take the log of zero or a negative number — logarithms are only defined for positive inputs, since no real power of a positive base ever produces a non-positive result.
  • Confusing plain 'log' (commonly base 10 in most math and science contexts) with 'ln' (specifically base e), and using the wrong one for a formula that requires a specific base.
  • Using the antilog with a different base than the original logarithm was computed in, which won't recover the correct original number.
Pro Tips

Tips for Best Results

  • When comparing a logarithm across different bases, remember they're all just scaled versions of each other via log_b(x) = ln(x)/ln(b) — a useful sanity check.
  • Always match the antilog's base to whichever base the original log calculation used, or the reversal won't reproduce the original number.
Troubleshooting

Fixing Common Problems

I get an error or undefined result. — You likely entered zero or a negative number — logarithms are only defined for positive real numbers, since a positive base raised to any real power always produces a positive result.

Glossary

Terms Explained

Change-of-base formula: The identity log_b(x) = ln(x)/ln(b), which lets any logarithm be computed using only the natural log function.

Antilogarithm: The reverse of a logarithm — given a log result y in base b, the antilog recovers the original number by computing b^y.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Why can't I take the log of a negative number or zero?
A logarithm asks what power a positive base must be raised to in order to reach a given number — since a positive base raised to any real power always produces a positive result, negative numbers and zero simply have no real logarithm.
What is the change-of-base formula, and why does it work for any base?
It states log_b(x) = ln(x)/ln(b) (or equivalently using log base 10). It works because it's just a ratio of two logarithms in a base the calculator already knows how to compute precisely, mathematically equivalent to the log in any other base.
What's the difference between log and ln?
"log" (without a subscript, in most math and science contexts) typically means log base 10, while "ln" specifically means log base e (the natural logarithm), which appears frequently in calculus and exponential growth/decay problems.
How does antilog reverse a logarithm?
If log_b(x) = y, then the antilog of y in base b recovers x by computing b^y. It's the inverse operation of taking a logarithm, the same way squaring reverses taking a square root.