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a² + b² = c²
Hypotenuse (c)
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Enter values to calculate
Side a
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Side b
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Angle A (°)
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Angle B (°)
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Area
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Perimeter
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Find the hypotenuse or a missing leg of any right triangle using a² + b² = c², complete with the resulting angles, area, and perimeter.

How It Works

How Pythagorean Theorem Calculator Works

The Pythagorean theorem states that in a right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse (the side opposite the right angle) equals the sum of the squares of the other two sides: a² + b² = c². Enter the two legs to solve for the hypotenuse (c = √(a² + b²)), or switch modes to enter the hypotenuse and one leg to solve for the missing leg (b = √(c² − a²)).

Once all three sides are known, the calculator finds the two acute angles using inverse trigonometry — angle A = arcsin(a/c) — and since the third angle is fixed at 90°, angle B is simply 90° minus angle A.

It also reports the triangle's area (½ × a × b, since the legs are perpendicular) and perimeter (a + b + c), and shows a reference table of common Pythagorean triples — sets of whole numbers that satisfy the theorem exactly, like 3-4-5 and 5-12-13.

Worked Example

See It In Action

With legs a = 3 and b = 4: c = √(3² + 4²) = √(9 + 16) = √25 = 5. This is the smallest Pythagorean triple. Angle A = arcsin(3/5) ≈ 36.87° and angle B ≈ 53.13° (the two acute angles always sum to 90°). The area is ½ × 3 × 4 = 6 square units, and the perimeter is 3 + 4 + 5 = 12 units.
Real-World Use Cases

Who Uses Pythagorean Theorem Calculator and Why

  • Verifying whether three measured side lengths actually form a right angle, such as squaring a foundation or deck corner during construction.
  • Finding a missing wall, ladder, or diagonal length from two known measurements.
  • Spot-checking a construction layout against a known Pythagorean triple like 3-4-5 or 5-12-13.
  • Computing both acute angles once all three sides of a right triangle are already known.
Common Mistakes

Mistakes to Avoid

  • Applying the theorem to a triangle that isn't actually a right triangle — a²+b²=c² only holds when one angle is exactly 90°.
  • Mixing up which side is the hypotenuse when solving for a missing leg — only the hypotenuse (opposite the right angle) is the one being solved for as √(c² − a²) in that mode.
  • Assuming a Pythagorean triple only counts in its exact form — any multiple of a known triple (like 6-8-10, doubled from 3-4-5) is also a valid triple.
Pro Tips

Tips for Best Results

  • Use the reference table of common triples (3-4-5, 5-12-13) to quickly spot-check a construction measurement without running the full calculation.
  • Remember that only the hypotenuse gets isolated on one side of the equation — make sure you're solving for the right unknown side in 'Find a Leg' mode.
Troubleshooting

Fixing Common Problems

My result for a leg calculation looks off. — Confirm the value entered as the hypotenuse is actually the triangle's longest side and sits opposite the right angle — entering the wrong side as the hypotenuse throws off the whole calculation.

Glossary

Terms Explained

Hypotenuse: The side opposite a right triangle's 90° angle, always the longest of the three sides.

Pythagorean triple: A set of three positive integers (a, b, c) that exactly satisfy a² + b² = c², like 3-4-5 or 5-12-13.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Does this theorem work for any triangle?
No — the Pythagorean theorem only applies to right triangles (one 90° angle). For triangles without a right angle, you need the Law of Cosines or Law of Sines instead.
What is a Pythagorean triple?
A Pythagorean triple is a set of three positive integers (a, b, c) that exactly satisfy a² + b² = c², like 3-4-5 or 5-12-13. Multiplying every number in a triple by the same constant (e.g. 6-8-10) produces another valid triple.
Can I use this to find a missing leg instead of the hypotenuse?
Yes — switch to "Find a Leg" mode and enter the hypotenuse and one known leg. The calculator rearranges the formula to b = √(c² − a²) to solve for the missing side.
How are the angles calculated once I know the sides?
The calculator uses inverse sine on the ratio of the opposite leg to the hypotenuse (angle A = arcsin(a/c)) to find one acute angle, then subtracts it from 90° to get the other, since the angles in any triangle sum to 180° and one is already 90°.